We apply the arguments from elementary calculus that are used to differentiate cosine and sine to hyperbolic cosine and hyperbolic sine, and by so doing produce the natural exponential function by ...

Interpolated Six-Place Tables of the Logarithms of Numbers and the Natural and Logarithmic Trigonometric Functions. Edited by H. W. Marsh. Pp. xii + 155.

Stephen R. Wassell, Superexponentiation and Fixed Points of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions, Mathematics Magazine, Vol. 73, No. 2 (Apr., 2000), pp. 111-119 ...